Kenya: Gross National Income per Capita - Kenya GNI

Gross National Income (GNI) is the GDP plus the net income from all sources earned by a country's residents and businesses, regardless of where the business or the resident is located.^[1]

The GNI includes incomes that residents and businesses from a country earn abroad, compensation to its employees, and property income, including rents, interests, and dividends earned on investments made abroad.

GNI excludes incomes earned by non-residents and foreign businesses from the domestic economy. These include wages and salaries paid to foreigners and property income earned by foreign businesses and investments. 

GNI = GDP + Net Income from Abroad (Receivable – Payable)

Quick Facts

• Kenya’s Gross National Income at market prices in 2024 was Ksh 16.5 trillion.^[2]
• Kenya's GNI at constant 2015 prices (US$) was 105.2 billion.^[3]
• Kenya's GNI at current prices (US$) was 122.6 billion.
• Kenya’s GNI per capita at current prices in 2024 was Ksh 292,799.
• Kenya’s GNI per capita at constant prices in 2024 was Ksh 192,824.
• Kenya's GNI per capita at constant 2015 prices (US$) was $1,864.
• Kenya’s annual GNI growth in 2024 was 4.9% 
• Kenya’s annual GNI per capita growth in 2024 was 2.8%. 

Kenya’s Gross National Income

Kenya’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at current prices in 2025 was Ksh 17.9 trillion.

Total incomes received from the rest of the world in 2023 were Ksh 28.8 billion, while the income payable to the rest of the world was Ksh 292.7 billion. 

Kenya’s Gross National Income was Ksh 16.5 trillion in 2024.

Kenya’s Gross National Income in constant prices was Ksh 10.9 trillion in 2024. 

Kenya’s Gross National Income in US Dollars

In 2024, Kenya's GNI at constant 2015 prices (US$) was $105.2 billion, while its GNI at current prices (US$) was $122.6 billion. 

Kenya’s Gross National Income per Capita

The GNI per capita is derived by dividing the Gross National Income by the country’s total population. 

In 2024, Kenya's GNI per Capita at current prices was Ksh 292,799, while the GNI per capita in constant prices was Ksh 192,824. 

Kenya’s GNI per Capita in constant 2015 prices (US$) was $ 1,864 in 2024.

Note that the World Bank uses the GNI per Capita to group countries by income levels, including low, lower-middle, upper-middle, and high income. In 2024, the World Bank classified Kenya as a lower-middle-income country. 

Kenya’s annual GNI growth

In 2024, Kenya’s annual GNI growth was 4.9%, down from 5.2% in 2023. Similarly, Kenya’s annual GNI per capita growth dropped from 3.1% in 2023 to 2.8% in 2024. 

Kenya’s GNI using the Atlas method

The World Bank uses the Atlas Method when converting GNIs from local currencies to US dollars for cross-country comparison. In Kenya, for instance, the Atlas Method is used to convert GNI from KES to US$.

Instead of using annual exchange rates for conversion, the Atlas Method averages exchange rates and inflation rates over three years.^[4] This method, therefore, adjusts for short-term economic shocks and exchange rate volatility.

GNI and Kenya’s Human Development Index (HDI)

The Gross National Income per Capita is used to calculate a country’s Human Development Index (HDI). HDI measures socio-economic well-being across countries by taking into account differences in standards of living as measured by the GNI.

In 2022, Kenya had an HDI of 0.601. The GNI per Capita in 2022 (2017 PPP US$) was $ 4,808. Together with life expectancy, expected years of schooling, and mean years of schooling, the GNI was used to come up with Kenya’s HDI of 0.601.^[5]

See Also

1. Kenya Gross Domestic Product by County – GDP
2. County Gross Domestic Product per Capita
3. Human Development Index in Kenya by County
4. County contribution to agriculture, forestry, and fishing
5. County contribution to manufacturing
6. County contribution to service activities

References